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A double check valve is a backflow prevention device designed to protect water supplies from contamination. It consists of two autonomously acting, spring-loaded check valves. It includes shutoff valves at each end of the piece and very small ball valves. A double check valve is quite useful against backpressure backflow and back-siphonage but should be used to separate only non-health hazards. For higher hazard conditions you should use a reduced pressure zone valve assembly instead. Double check valves are used primarily in fire prevention and landscaping water systems.

It’s surprisingly affordable. Perhaps the best reason to get a hot water recirculation pump is the fact that it’s not very expensive, as far as home improvements go. Roman Scanagatta, owner of Roman’s Plumbing, Inc. in Petaluma, breaks down the typical cost: “To do a retrofit recirculating system in one bathroom, the pump and labor together runs $695. Each additional zone is $250, so if you wanted to do your kitchen and another bathroom, it would cost another $500 on top of that.” Of course, as one plumber’s rate, these prices aren’t definitive. However, given a ballpark estimate of $1,200, retrofitting all your home’s water fixtures will likely cost less than your annual water bill—which, going forward, will be substantially reduced.

hot water recirculating systemwith built-in timer

The double check valve was initially created about seventy years ago for the fire department. Any time the pressure on the property side exceeds the pressure on the city side, the two redundant check valves close preventing the reverse water flow. When a flow stop happens, the valve shuts; it is then that the relief valve releases and dumps the water in between the pipes.

Considering the ever-increasing cost of water, it makes clear financial sense to invest in water-saving strategies, and to do so where they’ll have the biggest impact. Since a hot water recirculation pump can save an estimated 16,000 gallons per year in a four-person household, there’s no better place to start.

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Hot water recirculating systemwithout dedicated return line

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It’ll save time. In this fast-paced day and age, we have less time to wait around for things, and that includes hot water. Plus, just as those small amounts of wasted water add up incrementally, so do the minutes spent waiting for hot water. Let’s say you spend two minutes each day waiting for hot water—over the course of a year, that amounts to 730 minutes, which means you’ll have squandered 12 hours standing by the tap. Like water, time is a limited resource, and a recirculation pump will allow you to utilize both more wisely.

Still not convinced? Even if you’re in favor of water conservation, it may not be a motivating factor for you, especially when it comes to making a financial investment. If that’s the case, consider these additional, practical reasons to invest in a hot water recirculation pump:

By performing this dual process, a hot water recirculation pump can deliver near-instant hot water and conserve thousands of gallons of water per year, per fixture.

Hot water recirculating systemdiagram

Wait = Waste By doing some simple math, we can get a clear picture of how much water is actually wasted by wait times for hot water. Let’s assume you have a generic low-flow showerhead that emits 2.5 gallons per minute (gpm) and it takes one full minute for hot water to arrive. That’s 2.5 gallons wasted per shower. Now, assuming you shower every day, let’s multiply that by 365—now you’re up to 912.5 gallons annually. Multiply that by 10 and that’s 9,125 gallons wasted over the course of a decade.

Hot water recirculatingpump installation diagram

Pumps can be integrated as part of a new construction design or installed as a retrofit application. In the latter instance, the pump is spliced into the hot and cold water lines of the existing plumbing system.

But the shower isn’t the only place where hot water gets used. If you’re like most people, you prefer to wash your hands (as well as your dishes) in hot water—a wise practice, as it cleans more effectively than cold water. So, let’s assume you wait for hot water at a sink at least twice a day, your faucet has a 1.5 gpm flow rate and it takes a full minute for hot water to arrive. This comes to three gallons per day or 1,095 gallons annually. Add this to the total wasted annually for showering and you’re looking at roughly 2,000 gallons of water wasted per year.

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It’ll save money. As with most utilities, water rates have consistently risen over time, and particularly so in California, where residents pay some of the highest rates in the country. What’s more, rates are likely to rise further, and in some cases are already slated to. In San Francisco, for example, the Public Utilities Commission has approved incremental water and sewer service hikes over the next four years to finance improvements to the city’s water infrastructure. And it’s not just the big cities where water rates have and will continue to soar—even small communities are feeling the pinch of high prices.

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All things considered, installing a hot water recirculation pump in your home is a clear win-win. It substantially reduces waste, not only of water, but of your own time and money. So, what are you waiting for?

Having two check valves instead of one is useful because one check valve will still act, even if the other is stuck open. Also, the shutting of one valve reduces the pressure differential across the other, allowing a more dependable seal and circumventing any sort of leak. It is critically important to regularly check and test these valves to make sure they are functioning properly.

Hot water recirculatingpump

So, what can you do? After all, you probably aren’t going to wash your dishes in cold water or start taking cold showers every day. You could use containers to catch the water, which is useful if you’re a gardener. However, if you don’t have any plants to irrigate, this may not be worthwhile (and it’s pretty inconvenient either way). Wouldn’t it be nice if there was a simpler solution?

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Of course, the figures we’re using here are merely for the sake of example—in reality, wait times for hot water vary considerably from home to home. However, while generalized, these figures are by no means unusual, and in some cases they may be modest in comparison to actual levels of waste. One thing is for sure: These levels of waste are substantial and need to be addressed.

Hot water recirculating systemwith dedicated return line

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These causal factors are often exacerbated in homes built within the last 25 years. Why? Because newer homes tend to be larger, which creates increased distances between the hot water heater and water-dispensing fixtures. Furthermore, the plumbing systems in many modern homes were built with wide-diameter water pipes, as required by updated building codes. The result: Longer wait times and more wasted water.

With the substantial amount of water they save, recirculation pumps represent a clear solution to the problem of wait times for hot water. If this solution were adopted on a wide scale, the total savings would be incalculably significant. That’s why, in an age when water is becoming increasingly scarce, every home should have a hot water recirculation pump.

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Causes of wait times What exactly causes wait times for hot water? And why do they vary from home to home? This boils down to two main factors:

In terms of energy efficiency, an on-demand hot water recirculation pump is far and away the best option. Some recirculation systems have pumps that run constantly or on a timer, but both types inevitably waste energy. In contrast, a button-activated, on-demand model only functions as needed, which minimizes energy expenditures.

Since the mid-20th century, water conservation has gone from being a fringe concept to a standard practice, which is why water-efficient plumbing fixtures and appliances are simply the norm nowadays. However, despite these developments, there’s one case of water waste that remains widely ignored: wait times for hot water. Whether at the sink or the shower, the lapse between when hot water is turned on and when it arrives represents one of the leading causes of water waste today…and it’s time we started addressing it.

The solution: Hot water recirculation A hot water recirculation pump is a device that cuts wait times for hot water down from minutes to a few seconds. It does this through a complex process of recirculation, which consists of two simultaneous actions:

Designed to reduce incoming water pressure to a sensible level to protect plumbing system components and reduce water consumption.