LWFCO devices can also be designed so that when they shut down the burner, they also automatically start the feedwater pump, monitor the water level until it reaches the normal operating water level (NOWL) again, then start the burners once a safe working level is again reached.

For industrial boilers, accurate measurement of the boiler steam drum water level is vital for a boiler’s safe operation. It is also important that the fuel supply to the boiler can be interrupted automatically in case, should the event occur, the operator fails to realise that the water level has fallen below a defined critical level. Low water fuel cut off (LWFCO) devices are used to measure the water level in a boiler drum and to interrupt the fuel supply should the water level be too low.

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It is important to install fuel cut off devices that interrupt a boiler’s fuel supply in order to stop the heating process if an emergency scenario should occur. A LWFCO device interrupts the fuel supply if the water level in the steam drum is too low, but the fuel supply may also be interrupted if the drum steam pressure is too high, drum steam temperature is too high, upon loss of flame, or for other reasons specified by the manufacturer or governing body (ASME, BS etc.).

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Q. How much does this Plumbing apprentice course cost? A. Tuition for this program is $1239 total when you pay in full. Payment plans are also available. Back to top

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Float type LWFCO devices are connected to an electrical circuit which controls the operation of the burner and fuel supply. As LWFCO floats move proportionally with the boiler drum water level, any low water level scenario will cause the float to drop and the burner(s) to shut down.

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A boiler drum contains the water reservoir that is circulated within a steam generator. Watertube boilers have a steam drum above the boiler tubes, whereas firetube boilers have tubes within the boiler drum. In both boiler designs, water heated by the tube walls is also cooling the tube walls; thus a low water level scenario will lead to overheating of the tubes and potential boiler failure.

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For both LWFCO device types (float and probe), it is essential that blowdown testing be conducted at regular intervals to ensure that the devices are operating correctly. This is especially important with reference to probe type devices, which are more prone to fouling by sediment and scale in the boiler water.

The probe type LWFCO device uses conductivity probes to detect the water level, cutting off the fuel supply if the water level falls below the minimum requirement. Probe type LWFCO devices are generally robust and require minimal maintenance. Probe type LWFCO devices are housed within a sleeve or chamber to increase their reliability.

For firetube boilers, the water within the drum surrounds the tubes and it is the water level within this drum that is measured and connected to a low water fuel cut off device. It is also possible to install LWFCO devices on water heaters although these operate at much lower pressures and temperatures.

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In most boilers, the water that is heated by the boiler tubes to create steam is also the water that cools the tubes. Loss of this water can thus cause the tubes to overheat or even melt, leading to expensive and lengthy plant outages.

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The phenomenon of drum swell and shrinkage primarily affects larger boilers, requiring the use of advanced water level measurement and fuel cut off devices. This article addresses fuel cut off devices for smaller units only.

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It is important to note that fuel cut off devices are not only installed for the purpose of isolating the fuel supply in the event of a critically low water level, but also in case of other events that may otherwise render the boiler unsafe or risk major plant damage (high steam pressure, high steam temperature, loss of flame, abnormal furnace pressure etc.).

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The below image shows a typical low water fuel cut off device; the device shown is of the float design. A boiler gauge glass may be integrated into the LWFCO along with try cocks (small red valves used to prove the water level in the water column). The LWFCO device may be incorporated into a boiler water column depending upon the boiler design.

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U.S. Career Institute’s Plumbing training online school will prepare you to be ready to work as a Plumber’s Apprentice. Students will be trained in the theoretical and practical skills to work successfully in a Plumbing Apprentice position. This Plumbing online course prepares graduates to apply the basics of plumbing and build skills that will prepare them for service, as well as discover how to troubleshoot and repair plumbing systems while maintaining the highest safety standards.

To maximise efficiency in watertube boilers, combustion takes place within a chamber whose walls are made up of water carrying tubes and/or tubes located directly within the flame or hot flue gases. It is vital that the tubes remain filled with water when the boiler is in operation; accurate and reliable water level measurement equipment is installed for this reason.

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Plumbers install and repair water, gas and other piping systems in homes, offices, schools, hospitals and factories. As a graduate from our online Plumbing training course, you will be familiar with the procedures and techniques for installing and maintaining these systems. Whether you live in a big city, small town, or rural area, now is the time to train to start making money in one of the most secure industries in the nation. New construction of commercial and residential buildings, along with the need to maintain and repair existing plumbing systems will increase the demand for qualified plumbers.

The boiler gauge glass is installed at the same level as that of the fuel cut off device, and so any reduction in the water level detected by the fuel cut off device will cause a water level reduction to be shown by the gauge. At the time when fuel is interrupted, the water level should still be seen at the bottom of the boiler gauge glass.

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Q. Do you find an apprenticeship for me? A. USCI will not find an apprenticeship for you; it is your responsibility to look for this opportunity upon completing our plumbers vocational training program. USCI does offer graduate support through our Career Coach program which is designed to give you the tools you need to market yourself including cover letter, resume, interview skills and job search techniques. Back to top

Q. Where Can I Work as a Plumbing Apprentice? A. Apprentices work alongside Plumbers full time, often including nights, weekends and on-call emergencies. You’ll handle jobs in homes, businesses, factories and other places with pipes and related systems. Back to top

Q. Does this online Plumbing trade school meet my state requirements? A. Most states require apprenticeship hours and experience before being licensed. These plumbing classes online serve as the first step in your path to becoming a Plumber by teaching you the foundational plumbing knowledge that will help you when you find your Plumbing Apprenticeship position. Back to top

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The float type LWFCO design shown previously is fitted with its own blowdown valve which is maintained according to the boiler manufacturer’s instructions and the applicable standards. The LWFCO device is tested by means of opening the blowdown valve and observing whether the burner is shut down when the water level in the water column falls below the defined low water level; another procedure used to prove the working of the LWFCO device is the evaporation test.

The LWFCO device has connections to the steam and water side of the boiler. The steam line from the LWFCO device connects to the top of the boiler drum. The water line from the LWFCO device connects to the drum at a level much below that of the boiler’s normal operating water level (NOWL).

Q. What skills will I learn in this Plumbing program? A. Skills covered in these Plumbing classes online include basic customer service principles, understanding and applying important safety standards, tools of the plumbing trade, equations for common plumbing math problems, piping types and joining methods, common plumbing fixtures, faucets and valves, plumbing drawings, and troubleshooting techniques. Back to top

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Alarms as well as shutdowns are usually connected to the LWFCO device. For example, an alarm will sound upon a low-water level scenario and for a high-water level scenario.

Plumbers are in demand because the work they do is essential to the health and safety of the entire population. With expanding interest in green technologies, water conservation and energy efficiency, the demand for Plumbers will continue to grow in the years ahead. Our online Plumber training course will help make you an integral part of the plumbing trade team. You’ll play a vital role in creating a healthy environment for your customers.

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*By clicking the Next Step button, I am providing my electronic signature and giving my express written consent for U.S. Career Institute to mail, email, call or text me using automated technology including artificial voices, pre-recorded messages and auto-dialers about educational services and future offers at the information provided above, including my wireless number. I understand that I am not required to provide this consent to attend U.S. Career Institute. As an alternative to providing this consent, I may call the school at 866-250-6851.

Q. Do I need to get Certified as a Plumber? A. Most states will require plumbers to pass a certification test and be licensed. These requirements will vary by state. You can contact your local or state licensing board for more information. Back to top