Pressure Reducing Valve: How To Tell If It's Bad - pressure relief valve for water line
The “Open Direct Radiant System” is a significant breakthrough in radiant heating design. The Open Direct Radiant System offers unprecedented efficiency with a highly affordable first cost and is our preferred system of all radiant heating systems. It is one single system that operates in two different and distinct ways. When floor heat is called for, the pump comes on and water flows out of the tank, through the radiant floor heating zone and back to the tank. When domestic hot water is wanted, water flows out of the tank and goes to the fixture. All water in the system remains potable.
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If you want to prevent backflow, it can be helpful to understand what causes it. In our experience, there are several different reasons why you may encounter backflow, including the following:
Backflow may be caused by improper pipe sizing, so ensuring appropriate sizing is essential to help prevent backflow. The wrong pipe sizes may lead to an increase in water pressure, causing backflows in certain parts of the system.
Radiantec supports the use of solar energy whenever it is feasible and notes that solar efficiency has improved greatly in the past few years. The following graphic represents a solar domestic hot water based solar system that is particularly appropriate for radiant heating systems.
Our design is easy to understand. Our radiant system operates at a much lower temperature than those of a furnace so it’s safer to work on, and our materials last a long time so they don’t need constant upkeep.
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Because of the double check valve design, combined with the diaphragm and relief valve, a backflow preventer is practically foolproof. Fouls like debris, which may force a gate to be stuck open, are managed by a pressure equalization that will open the relief valve, alerting you there is a problem. Likewise, backflow is prevented in the same way--the valves respond to pressure.
There are many ways to take advantage of the benefits of radiant heating and cooling. Some radiant floor heat system concepts are at least 100 years old. Our radiant heating systems are newer and more innovative. We urge you to at least take a look at these modern systems. The newer and more innovative floor heating systems can offer significant advantages.
Closed radiant heating systems dedicate a boiler or water heater exclusively for space heating. Then water (or glycol) circulates through the radiant floor tubing. When a boiler is used, this familiar and conventional approach is well accepted by building code officials.
Backflow Direct is the online resource for fire plumbing. Make us your backflow company of choice and shop our line of backflow preventers, parts and more!
It is one of the very few exceptions to the rule that better things cost more. You literally get a much better system for a lot less money.
Our Systems are Code Compliant. Ask your tech for more information concerning your specific application, but in general, here is some relevant information:
Installation ManualsDesign & Construction ManualOpen Direct SystemInstalling the Closed SystemInstalling the Indirect SystemInstalling tubing for a concrete slabInstalling tubing between floor joistsInstalling tubing in a subfloorInstalling tubing in the ceilingInstalling tubing in the wallsInstalling a heated towel rackInstalling Radiantec ControlsDoing your own tubing layoutRadiantec Basic Solar DomesticWater Heater Installation ManualRadiantec Basic Solar DomesticWater Heater Owners Manual
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CLOSED SYSTEM A closed heating system is closed off from the environment and its heating fluid is only changed for maintenance.
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Our Backflow Prevention Policy requires the installation of an approved backflow prevention containment device at the boundary of every water service connection ...
Our Open Direct System is compatible with solar. You can plan to install solar panels initially or at any time in the future. Check out our Solar Energy Library for more information about how to integrate solar panels into your radiant heating system.
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If you've been considering which plumbing device helps prevent a backflow, you already know that there are several types of backflow preventers on the market. Let's take a closer look:
DIRECT SYSTEM A direct system uses the same water for both heating and domestic hot water for doing dishes, laundry, taking showers, etc. There is no separation between the two.
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We have found that installing a backflow prevention device is crucial to maintaining water quality. In some cases, the failure to install backflow preventers can lead to the contamination of an entire water source, rendering it unusable.
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HEAT EXCHANGER A heat exchanger is a device that exchanges the heat from one fluid to another without a mixing of the fluids. A typical use would be to keep the potable domestic hot water separate from the boiler fluid.
The name of this assembly is derived from a zone of reduced pressure needed for the operation of the relief or vent valve. This device is an assembly of two ...
To prevent backflow, as well as back siphonage, a backflow preventer incorporates a series of check points that respond to pressure. These points are check valves that open and close, allowing upflow travel and stopping reverse travel.
Installation ManualsDesign & Construction ManualOpen Direct SystemInstalling the Closed SystemInstalling the Indirect SystemInstalling tubing for a concrete slabInstalling tubing between floor joistsInstalling tubing in a subfloorInstalling tubing in the ceilingInstalling tubing in the wallsInstalling a heated towel rackInstalling Radiantec ControlsDoing your own tubing layoutRadiantec Basic Solar DomesticWater Heater Installation ManualRadiantec Basic Solar DomesticWater Heater Owners Manual
Radiant heating is naturally energy efficient. Our system operates at lower temperatures so less fuel is needed to heat the water and our hot water heaters condense flue gasses to get maximum heating from your fuel.
Because we use condensing water heaters, our systems have lower emissions than others. Our systems also uses less fuel than a boiler system, and are compatible with solar.
There are two gates (i.e. check valves), an empty space between them, and a diaphragm that is activated by pressure. As upflow water pushes against the first gate, exceeding a preset psi, it is directed to the reservoir of the diaphragm. When cracking pressure is reached, the diaphragm depresses and closes a relief valve. As pressure builds, exceeding the next preset psi, the gate opens, allowing the chamber to fill.
Temperature fluctuations can also lead to backflow. This is because the water pressure may change drastically in response to temperature changes, especially in the case of frozen pipes. The change in water pressure can easily lead to backflow in a different part of the system.
Finally, you may encounter a similar situation to the one discussed above, but from different causes. When there's an increase in water pressure on the receiving side of the water main, you'll also encounter backflow as the water pipes try to equalize the pressure vacuum formed by the sudden pressure changes. This is known as reverse pressure.
Backflow is when fluids within a plumbing system run in the opposite direction of where you want them to go. Let's say you're running an irrigation system, for instance. While connected water lines may run potable water supply and treated irrigation water side-by-side, a backflow of irrigation water into the potable water system would be disastrous, as it might lead to contamination of drinking water, resulting in disease and other health or environmental problems. Installing a backlow preventer is ideal in these cases.
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BOILER A boiler is a heating device that is engineered to make very hot water (up to 250 degrees F, under pressure) for radiators and baseboards. Many boilers do not work well at lower temperatures and may need expensive controls to make the adjustment.
If backflow pressure is greater than upflow pressure, the second gate closes; if the second gate cannot close due to debris, the first gate will close, and the relief valve will open. Back siphonage is handled in the same way. Even if both gates are stuck open with debris, neither backflow nor back siphonage can contaminate the potable water, as the problem will be directed out from the backflow preventer via the relief valve.
Our design is straightforward and our parts are common. That might not sound like a good thing, but it is! You can find the parts we use at any good hardware store, no special ordering required.
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INDIRECT SYSTEM An indirect system is one in which the heat from the heating unit passes through a heat exchanger before it goes to the in floor heating tubes.
One of the many advantages is that a backflow preventer is extremely versatile. Backflow preventers work in many different scenarios, from an irrigation system to a fire hydrant and even a fire sprinkler system.
Because our design is simple and we use a water heater for heat and domestic hot water, our system is less complicated & uses fewer parts.
If you want to comply with regulations, it can be essential to install backflow preventers where two or more pipes meet. Simple check valves generally aren't enough to qualify as a complete backflow prevention system, even though they may be sufficient to prevent backflow in certain cases.
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When you need to prevent backflow in your system, or backflow prevention is a legal requirement for your industry, you're in the right place. In fact, you can find backflow preventers--made by Apollo--right here on our website.
REPAIR KITS: 860 /860U / 880 / 880U. How to order parts and Repair Kits. 1. Locate item number and kit number in this maintenance manual. 2. Verify the size ...
Please note that Radiantec often recommends the use of domestic water heaters instead of expensive boilers. Click here for more information about that use. This is an opportunity to save thousands of dollars and still have a better and more energy efficient radiant floor heating system.
Once this zone is filled, the second gate opens. This is normal water travel through a backflow preventer. When the inlet is shut off, both gates close and no backflow gets through.
Atmospheric Vacuum Breakers (AVB) are a type of backflow preventer that works well for low-hazard applications. These backflow prevention devices operate on a fairly simple concept, combining the mechanical abilities of a simple spring and a float. Typically, the pressure of the fluid opens the valve in the appropriate direction. However, when the system loses pressure due to backflow, the float falls, and the spring-loaded check valve closes.
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There are two different types of situations to consider here. Back siphonage happens when there is negative pressure in the supply feed: a vacuum is created that allows water to siphon in the reverse direction. Backflow, on the other hand, is caused by back pressure--this happens when the pressure of the non-potable water is greater than the pressure of the drinking water as it is supplied from a distribution or source. Fluid flows from high to low pressure regions, resulting in contamination of the drinking water.
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A heat exchanger separates the radiant heating fluid from the potable water supply. This allows a non-potable heating fluid (such as Anti-freeze) to be used. These radiant heating systems
These are the main types of backflow preventers available for purchase. If you’re going to buy one, we’d recommend the double check valve assembly or reduced pressure zone assembly for most applications.
If you've enjoyed this tidbit about backflow preventers, you may also like other articles such as T-Port Vs. L-Port or Why Choose Apollo Ball Valves. If you have additional questions about backflow prevention, or you'd like help with your particular system, feel free to contact us; we'd love to help you.
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The Pressure Vacuum Breaker (PVB) is more robust than the AVB system, but these backflow preventers work best for low to medium-risk applications, like your irrigation system or sprinkler system. It combines the mechanical properties of a spring, check valves, and a critical vacuum to help ensure that the system is protected against backflow.
Another likely cause of backflow lies in sudden dips in water pressure. When there is a sudden dip in pressure on the main water supply line, the water pipes may begin pushing water backward to equalize the pressure in the system. This is also a type of backflow.
A Reduced Pressure Zone Assembly (RPZA) is more advanced than some of the other listed options. These kinds of assemblies with reduced pressure zones are some of the most comprehensive backflow prevention systems on the market. In applications where it's vital to prevent contaminated water from entering your main water supply line, the RPZA system is ideal. It consists of several different parts, including:
Backflow preventers are applied anywhere there is a cross connection in a potable water system, as these systems also direct wastewater, sprinkler systems, fire sprinklers, etc. They are the fail-safe standing between you and unsafe drinking water.
When a simple check valve is inadequate for the job, you need a backflow preventer. But knowing you need one and understanding how they work are two different things entirely. Unlike an inline check valve, which prevents fluid from traveling backward through the system, a backflow preventer is far more complicated, particularly because it does more than simply regulate backflow.
We must note here that innovation is not always welcomed by those with special interests in the status quo. You must consider the source when you evaluate comments from those who profit from the sale of boilers. Low cost and simplicity is not always welcome. You cannot make a $5,000 profit from a $5,000 system. The use of water heaters in radiant heating applications is accepted by all major codes. There has never been even a single case of Legionnaires disease attributed to an open direct system.
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To fully understand what a backflow preventer is and answer questions like, "What does a backflow preventer do," we first need to discuss what backflow is.
Our system runs at lower temperatures than systems with a boiler, making it inherently safer to install, to use, and to maintain.
A Double Check Valve Assembly (DCVA) has double check valves that are, arguably, more complex than those listed above. They're a better choice than pressure vacuum breakers for certain high-risk applications (fire sprinkler systems, for example).
DOMESTIC HOT WATER HEATER A domestic water heater makes moderate temperature water and a storage tank is typically provided. There is a potential for higher efficiency with a hot water heater because of lower operating temperature and lower exhaust gas temperature, but many low end water heaters do not take advantage of this potential.
In our opinion, having a backflow preventer installed can also help safeguard your health. It does this by preventing contaminated water from entering potable water sources and preventing bacteria from entering places they don't belong.
Our Open Direct System is a simple, elegant design that uses easy to find common parts. Many of our customers choose to use our free design assistance and install the system themselves at great savings. Read more about DIY installation here.
When radiant floor heating is called for, domestic hot water is pumped to the heat-exchanger where the heat is transferred to the heating fluid on the other side. At the same time, the floor heating zone pump(s) comes on and circulates the heating fluid where it is needed.
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We have found many benefits to installing a backflow prevention device. Some of these are fairly simple, while others make a significant difference. Let's discuss why you should consider purchasing one.
A water separator or water trap is a simple method of removing water, designed to work with incoming cool air. The air enters one side, and then it circulates ...
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When you take a closer look at the backflow preventer and how it works, you'll find that most backflow prevention assemblies rely on the use of check valves. Here’s how a backflow preventer works:
OPEN SYSTEM An open system is one that is open to the atmosphere or one in which the heating fluid is replaced often. A domestic water heater is an open system because the heated fluid is constantly changed. Open systems require different mechanicals and materials.
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A backflow preventer is typically installed anywhere in a piping system that involves major cross-connections. For example, a water authority might require backflow preventers for fire protection systems. The backflow preventer’s job in this case, is to prevent non-potable fire fighting water from contaminating municipal potable water.
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Lower operational temperatures, stainless steel construction, and high quality tubing equals a system that lasts and lasts.
The purpose of a backflow preventer is to prevent the backflow we discussed above. Whether it's to protect a potable water supply line or to preserve sensitive equipment that only runs in a specific direction, having a backflow preventer installed is essential.
Your backflow prevention device requires general maintenance to ensure that it functions as well as it should. While most of the backflow preventers on the market have safeguards in place to prevent complete failure, there are still opportunities for failure when you don't practise regular maintenance.
The simplicity of our design and the ease with which you can find our parts in any hardware store make this system no problem for a handyman or the Do-It-Yourselfer.
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