If you have ever replaced a plumbing appliance in your home — like your water heater, dishwasher, or water softener — you probably know that it certainly isn’t cheap to do so. For some, it can mean saving for months to buy the perfect new dishwasher for your home. If you are going to invest that kind of money into your house, don’t you want to do everything you can to protect that investment?

Maximumvelocityin pipe formula

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We can almost guarantee that very few Cape Coral plumbers have ever heard the words, “I can’t stand how high the water pressure is in my house. It’s like showering under a fire hose. I can’t handle the pressure!” Most people want as much water pressure as their faucets will put out. A good number of people feel like they don’t have enough water pressure to begin with, so why not maximize the pressure coming into the house because, after all, you can always just turn down the pressure at the faucet, right? Why would anyone want to install a pressure reducing valve (PRV) in their home? Here are a couple of reasons that might encourage you to consider installing a PRV:

Many people think they know whether their water pressure is too high, too low, or just right. It is a good idea, though, to have a licensed and insured Cape Coral plumber (or a plumber in Fort Myers or a plumber in Naples) check it out and give you the peace of mind to know that you are doing everything you can to protect your home and everything in it. And for those poor souls that find themselves on the low end of the pressure test, Avis may have options for you too. Save yourself the future headache and expense and give Avis a call at (239) 542-4421 to schedule an appointment to have your water pressure checked out.

If you'd like to cite this online calculator resource and information as provided on the page, you can use the following citation: Georgiev G.Z., "Flow Rate Calculator", [online] Available at: https://www.gigacalculator.com/calculators/pipe-flow-rate-calculator.php URL [Accessed Date: 02 Nov, 2024].

Watervelocity Calculator

Flow rate calculation using pressure is done via the Hagen–Poiseuille equation which describes the pressure drop due to the fluid viscosity [3]. To calculate flow rate from pressure the formula is expressed as such:

The mass flow rate ṁ is the flow of mass m through a surface per unit time t, therefore the formula for mass flow rate, given the volumetric flow rate, is ṁ = Q * ρ where ρ (Greek lower-case letter rho) is the volumetric density of the substance. This equation is applicable to liquids whereas for gaseous substances some additional information is required to perform the calculations. The above formulas are the ones employed in this flow rate calculator.

If the water pressure in your home is too high, that pressure puts stress on the brand new dishwasher (or other appliance) that you’ve worked so hard for. The life expectancy of that appliance will severely diminish depending on just how high the pressure is. The same thing goes for all appliances that are connected to a water line. It’s no fun to spend thousands of dollars remodeling your kitchen only to find that the pressure in your home is diminishing the value of that investment.

If we further know that the density of water is 1000 kg/m3 we can calculate the mass flow rate to be 17.6715 m3/h · 1000 kg/m3 = 17671.5 kg/h (= 17.6715 tonnes per hour, m3 cancels out).

1 NIST Special Publication 330 (2008) - "The International System of Units (SI)", edited by Barry N.Taylor and Ambler Thompson, p. 52

PipeVelocityChart

Piping velocity calculatormetric

Example 2: A rectangular pipe has a height of 2cm and width of 4cm and a gas running through it at a speed of 15 m/s. What is the discharge rate of this pipe? First, we find the cross-section area via the formula for the area of a rectangle which is simply 2 · 4 = 8 cm2 or 0.0008 m2. To find the flow rate Q, we multiply 0.0008 by 15 to get 0.012 cubic meters per second. To get litres per second we simply need to multiply by 1,000 to get 12 l/s. If we wanted to get liters per hour, we can further multiply by 3600 to get 43,200 litres per hour.

In pressure difference mode the calculator requires the input of the pressure before the pipe (or venturi, nozzle, or orifice) as well as at its end, as well as its cross-section, e.g. pressure and diameter for a round pipe. Supported input units include pascals (Pa), bars, atmospheres, pounds per square inch (psi), and more for pressure and kg/m·s, N·s/m2, Pa·s, and cP (centipoise) for dynamic viscosity.

Here locally in Fort Myers and Cape Coral, the city is hooking some neighborhoods up to a new water mains that will increase their water pressure from 40 psi to upward of 110 psi. If you have ever been watering the lawn and folded over the hose to make a kink, you know how much water pressure can get backed up in that hose. That pressure build up is similar to what happens to your pipes and supply lines when your faucets are turned off. This problem gets even further compounded if your home hasn’t had a repipe and is still using old, corroded copper pipes.

One of the most common causes of catastrophic water damage in homes is burst washing machine hoses. A lot of people have the rubber washing machine hoses that you can pick up at any DIY store like Home Depot or Lowe’s. Imagine that pressure bottled up in the rubber hose leading to your washing machine. Overly high water pressure plus flimsy rubber washing machine hoses equals a plumbing disaster just waiting to happen.

There are two main approaches to calculating the flow rate Q which is equivalent to the difference in volume divided by the difference in time (Δv / Δt). The first one is if we know the pressure difference (pressure drop) between the two points for which we want to estimate the flow. The second one is if we know the fluid velocity. Both are covered below.

Gasvelocityin pipeCalculator

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Velocityin a pipe

It should be noted that the Poiseuille formula for calculating a pipe's flow rate through pressure does not work so well for gases where additional information is required for an accurate computation.

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We know all too well that nobody wants to shower under a trickling faucet. The trick is to find the right balance between your water pressure and your wallet. Reducing high water pressure can extend the life of your fixtures, saving you money on replacement parts in the long term. Nothing says you need to suffer through a shower like it is being poured out of a garden watering can, but you can certainly find a balance where you have a comfortable water pressure that your fixtures can handle. Besides reducing the harmful effects of high pressure, you could also save money on water costs while preventing wasted water — and who wouldn’t want to save a little money while reducing their water usage, helping to make the world a better place to live?

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This pipe flow rate calculator calculates the volumetric flow rate (discharge rate) a gas or fluid (liquid) going through a round or rectangular pipe of known dimensions. If the substance is a liquid and its volumetric density is known the calculator will also output the mass flow rate (more information is required to calculate it for gases and it is currently not supported).

2 "The International System of Units" (SI) (2006, 8th ed.). Bureau international des poids et mesures pp. 142–143. ISBN 92-822-2213-6

Watervelocityin pipe Chart

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Example 1: A round pipe has a diameter of 25 mm and water is running through it with a velocity of 10 m/s. What is the flow rate of the water? First, we calculate the cross-section area to be (25/2)^2 · 3.1416 ~= 490.875 mm2 via the area of a circle formula. We can convert this to m2 by dividing by 1,000,000 for more convenient results, getting 0.000490875 m2. Using the flow rate equation above we replace the values for A and v and get Q = 0.000490875 m2 · 10 m/s) = 0.00490875 m3/s. To convert this to m3/h we need to multiply by 3,600 to get a discharge rate of 17.6715 m3 per hour.

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In flow velocity mode one needs to know the flow velocity of the gas or fluid (feet per second, meters per second, km/h, etc. are accepted) in order to calculate the flow rate.

The output is in either imperial or metric units, depending on your selection. Some of the output units include: m3/h, m3/min, m3/s, l/h, l/min, l/s, ft3/h, ft3/min, ft3/s, yd3/h, yd3/min, yd3/s, gallons per hour, gallons per minute. Output units for mass flow rate include: kg/h, kg/mins, kg/s, tonnes/h, lb/h, lb/min, lb/s, tons/h. The output metrics are automatically adjusted for your convenience.

Our calculator is especially useful if the input units for the calculation are different from the desired output units, in which case it will perform these unit conversions for you.

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The volumetric flow rate of a stream of liquid or gas is equal to the flow velocity multiplied by its cross-sectional area. Therefore, the formula for flow rate (Q), also known as "discharge rate" expressed in terms of the flow area (A) and its velocity (v) is the so-called discharge equation:

The resulting Q is the volumetric flow rate. In the case of a round pipe the cross-sectional area is the inner diameter divided by 2 times π while if it is rectangular the area is the inner width times the inner height. The equation can be transformed in a straightforward way to allow for solving for the cross-section area or velocity.

Easily calculate the volumetric flow rate of a pipe (a.k.a. discharge rate) given its dimensions and either a pressure difference between its ends or the velocity of the liquid or gas flowing through it. The flow rate calculator can also calculate the mass flow rate of a fluid given its density is known. Input and output support metric and imperial measurement units.

Calculatevelocityin pipe from pressure

An example application is if one has manometers measuring the pressure of the fluid or gas at the start an the end of the section of piping that the flow rate is to be calculated for. The graph illustrates a general case where that applies.

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In the Poiseuille equation (p1 - p2) = Δp is the pressure difference between the ends of the pipe (pressure drop), μ is the dynamic viscosity of the fluid, L and R are the length and radius of the pipe segment in question, and π is the constant Pi ≈ 3.14159 to the fifth significant digit.