Backwater valve

Atmospheric Vacuum Breakers (AVB) are a type of backflow preventer that works well for low-hazard applications. These backflow prevention devices operate on a fairly simple concept, combining the mechanical abilities of a simple spring and a float. Typically, the pressure of the fluid opens the valve in the appropriate direction. However, when the system loses pressure due to backflow, the float falls, and the spring-loaded check valve closes.

In our opinion, having a backflow preventer installed can also help safeguard your health. It does this by preventing contaminated water from entering potable water sources and preventing bacteria from entering places they don't belong.

If you want to comply with regulations, it can be essential to install backflow preventers where two or more pipes meet. Simple check valves generally aren't enough to qualify as a complete backflow prevention system, even though they may be sufficient to prevent backflow in certain cases.

We have found that installing a backflow prevention device is crucial to maintaining water quality. In some cases, the failure to install backflow preventers can lead to the contamination of an entire water source, rendering it unusable.

Check valve

Backflow is when fluids within a plumbing system run in the opposite direction of where you want them to go. Let's say you're running an irrigation system, for instance. While connected water lines may run potable water supply and treated irrigation water side-by-side, a backflow of irrigation water into the potable water system would be disastrous, as it might lead to contamination of drinking water, resulting in disease and other health or environmental problems. Installing a backlow preventer is ideal in these cases.

One of the many advantages is that a backflow preventer is extremely versatile. Backflow preventers work in many different scenarios, from an irrigation system to a fire hydrant and even a fire sprinkler system.

Backflow may be caused by improper pipe sizing, so ensuring appropriate sizing is essential to help prevent backflow. The wrong pipe sizes may lead to an increase in water pressure, causing backflows in certain parts of the system.

The Pressure Vacuum Breaker (PVB) is more robust than the AVB system, but these backflow preventers work best for low to medium-risk applications, like your irrigation system or sprinkler system. It combines the mechanical properties of a spring, check valves, and a critical vacuum to help ensure that the system is protected against backflow.

There are two different types of situations to consider here. Back siphonage happens when there is negative pressure in the supply feed: a vacuum is created that allows water to siphon in the reverse direction. Backflow, on the other hand, is caused by back pressure--this happens when the pressure of the non-potable water is greater than the pressure of the drinking water as it is supplied from a distribution or source. Fluid flows from high to low pressure regions, resulting in contamination of the drinking water.

If you want to prevent backflow, it can be helpful to understand what causes it. In our experience, there are several different reasons why you may encounter backflow, including the following:

When you take a closer look at the backflow preventer and how it works, you'll find that most backflow prevention assemblies rely on the use of check valves. Here’s how a backflow preventer works:

A Reduced Pressure Zone Assembly (RPZA) is more advanced than some of the other listed options. These kinds of assemblies with reduced pressure zones are some of the most comprehensive backflow prevention systems on the market. In applications where it's vital to prevent contaminated water from entering your main water supply line, the RPZA system is ideal. It consists of several different parts, including:

These are the main types of backflow preventers available for purchase. If you’re going to buy one, we’d recommend the double check valve assembly or reduced pressure zone assembly for most applications.

When you need to prevent backflow in your system, or backflow prevention is a legal requirement for your industry, you're in the right place. In fact, you can find backflow preventers--made by Apollo--right here on our website.

To prevent backflow, as well as back siphonage, a backflow preventer incorporates a series of check points that respond to pressure. These points are check valves that open and close, allowing upflow travel and stopping reverse travel.

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To fully understand what a backflow preventer is and answer questions like, "What does a backflow preventer do," we first need to discuss what backflow is.

When a simple check valve is inadequate for the job, you need a backflow preventer. But knowing you need one and understanding how they work are two different things entirely. Unlike an inline check valve, which prevents fluid from traveling backward through the system, a backflow preventer is far more complicated, particularly because it does more than simply regulate backflow.

Your backflow prevention device requires general maintenance to ensure that it functions as well as it should. While most of the backflow preventers on the market have safeguards in place to prevent complete failure, there are still opportunities for failure when you don't practise regular maintenance.

Another likely cause of backflow lies in sudden dips in water pressure. When there is a sudden dip in pressure on the main water supply line, the water pipes may begin pushing water backward to equalize the pressure in the system. This is also a type of backflow.

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We have found many benefits to installing a backflow prevention device. Some of these are fairly simple, while others make a significant difference. Let's discuss why you should consider purchasing one.

Backflow preventers are applied anywhere there is a cross connection in a potable water system, as these systems also direct wastewater, sprinkler systems, fire sprinklers, etc. They are the fail-safe standing between you and unsafe drinking water.

A Double Check Valve Assembly (DCVA) has double check valves that are, arguably, more complex than those listed above. They're a better choice than pressure vacuum breakers for certain high-risk applications (fire sprinkler systems, for example).

If you've enjoyed this tidbit about backflow preventers, you may also like other articles such as T-Port Vs. L-Port or Why Choose Apollo Ball Valves. If you have additional questions about backflow prevention, or you'd like help with your particular system, feel free to contact us; we'd love to help you.

WattsBackflow preventer

There are two gates (i.e. check valves), an empty space between them, and a diaphragm that is activated by pressure. As upflow water pushes against the first gate, exceeding a preset psi, it is directed to the reservoir of the diaphragm. When cracking pressure is reached, the diaphragm depresses and closes a relief valve. As pressure builds, exceeding the next preset psi, the gate opens, allowing the chamber to fill.

Temperature fluctuations can also lead to backflow. This is because the water pressure may change drastically in response to temperature changes, especially in the case of frozen pipes. The change in water pressure can easily lead to backflow in a different part of the system.

If backflow pressure is greater than upflow pressure, the second gate closes; if the second gate cannot close due to debris, the first gate will close, and the relief valve will open. Back siphonage is handled in the same way. Even if both gates are stuck open with debris, neither backflow nor back siphonage can contaminate the potable water, as the problem will be directed out from the backflow preventer via the relief valve.

Model 909 is a reduced pressure backflow assembly. Production began in 1979. The 3/4"-3" size body is constructed of bronze. In 2010 a LF909 model was produced that utilized a lead free bronze. The 2 1/2"-10" size check body is cast iron with a fused epoxy coating. The 2 1/2" and 3" were available in bronze and cast iron. Watts also has a hot water option available in the 3/4"-2" which is good up to 210° F. This is designated by the letters HW after the model number, e.g.: 909HW. The model M1 was introduced in 1989 in the 3/4"-2" and 4"-10" sizes. The 3/4"-2" size was changed by having the nipple between the body and the shutoff cast into the body instead of being a separate nipple. The repair parts on the 3/4"-2" 909 and 909M1 are the same. The 4"-6" size had a change on the relief valve body. The 909 design had a bronze relief valve body. In the 909M1 modification the relief body was changed to fused epoxy coated cast iron. The relief valve spring assembly was also changed. In the 8"-10" 909M1 sizes there was a change in the relief valve body. The relief valve utilizes the internal parts of the 4"-6" 909 unit. In the 909 M1 series the relief valve rubber repair parts will be the same in 4"-10". The check design will be similar to the 709. The check seats are replaceable and springs are contained when the covers are removed. The 2 1/2"-10" utilized an external relief valve sensing line and the relief valve body can be detached from the check body on these sizes. In 2010 a LF909 model was introduced in all sizes which replaced the internal leaded bronze parts with stainless steel and other lead free bronze materials. The rubber repair kit will fit both versions.

If you've been considering which plumbing device helps prevent a backflow, you already know that there are several types of backflow preventers on the market. Let's take a closer look:

Finally, you may encounter a similar situation to the one discussed above, but from different causes. When there's an increase in water pressure on the receiving side of the water main, you'll also encounter backflow as the water pipes try to equalize the pressure vacuum formed by the sudden pressure changes. This is known as reverse pressure.

A backflow preventer is typically installed anywhere in a piping system that involves major cross-connections. For example, a water authority might require backflow preventers for fire protection systems. The backflow preventer’s job in this case, is to prevent non-potable fire fighting water from contaminating municipal potable water.

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Common repair parts are a very small subset of the 10,000 plus items BAVCO stocks. Please feel free to contact us direct at 800-458-3492 for pricing on items not listed or backflow prevention devices.

Because of the double check valve design, combined with the diaphragm and relief valve, a backflow preventer is practically foolproof. Fouls like debris, which may force a gate to be stuck open, are managed by a pressure equalization that will open the relief valve, alerting you there is a problem. Likewise, backflow is prevented in the same way--the valves respond to pressure.

Once this zone is filled, the second gate opens. This is normal water travel through a backflow preventer. When the inlet is shut off, both gates close and no backflow gets through.

The purpose of a backflow preventer is to prevent the backflow we discussed above. Whether it's to protect a potable water supply line or to preserve sensitive equipment that only runs in a specific direction, having a backflow preventer installed is essential.