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Whether you have a hydronic or an electric system it is still recommended to add insulation below the heating to stop downward heat loss as heat moves equally in every direction until it meets a layer of thermal resistance.

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Electric radiant floor heating (RFH) uses heat-conducting plastic mats containing coils warmed by electricity. So what are these heating coils? They aren't heated elements like you'd find in a space heater or on an electric stove.

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Your boiler or water heater is linked to a manifold — a system of separate pipes that channel water from a single source into different zones. This way, you can heat each area of your home separately from a single programmable thermostat. From the manifold, the hot water is sent through a pattern of PEX tubing by a re-circulating water pump. PEX is polyethylene tubing that's leak-free, non-toxic, flexible and capable of handling high temperatures.

Though some radiant heat systems use radiant heating panels to distribute warmth throughout the home, the most common household radiant heating system option by far is radiant floor heating (RFH).

You slip out of bed and put your bare feet on a warm hardwood floor. When you head to the bathroom, you encounter heated ceramic tiles. In the kitchen, your feet meet a warm, tiled floor. Sounds like you're enjoying the benefits of radiant heating. Or, in this case, radiant floor heating.

Underfloor Heating is rapidly becoming one of the most common methods of heating used in Australia. With the heating at the floor level, it is an efficient way to heat any room. There are two main forms of Underfloor Heating, Electric and Hydronic.

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The concept for RFH isn't new. Ancient Romans used hot water pipes to warm floors, and it's been the preferred heating system in Europe since the 1970s. Aside from the long-term cost benefits, RFH heating is silent heat, with no loud air ducts or furnaces to deal with. It's also better than forced air systems for people with allergies — eliminating blown air can reduce dust mites significantly [source: Bottini Fuel].

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By adding a layer of insulation below the heating, you are providing an additional level of thermal resistance which means you are forcing the heat upwards into the room which turns into hot air and rises. Insulation will increase your heat up times and reduce your heat loss resulting in increased efficiency of the underfloor heating system.

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The install of an electric system is much simpler than a hydronic system. Typically, the install of an electric system is done by an electrician, tiler, builder or even the home owner themselves. The install process is simple, and the system is then tested by a qualified electrician prior to tiling.

The concrete acts as a thermal mass to retain heat so that you have a large, hot block under your floor. Concrete owes its ability to retain heat to its density and low conductivity. Wood has a very high conductivity — think of how quickly wooden decks or benches cool off when the sun goes down.

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They're actually resistance wires, typically copper or nichrome, wrapped in a water-resistant polymer. Nichrome is an alloy of nickel and chromium with high electrical resistance — ideal for producing heat. These wires are zigzagged through a mat and then wired for electricity. Think of a large, rolled-up electric blanket without the fabric and you'll get the picture.

So you've decided that you need a gas-fired boiler system on your newly constructed home. Before the flooring is put in place, your RFH specialist or general contractor will need to install your system. There are two types of installation — wet or dry. Wet installs layer either a slab of concrete beneath the subfloor or a thin sheet of concrete between the subfloor and the surface. Dry installs place the tubes directly beneath the subfloor during construction, without the concrete on top. The flooring surface — hardwoods, tile or carpeting, goes on top of the subfloor and picks up heat directly from the tubes.

Because an electric RFH system is usually used for single rooms, it's controlled either with a simple flick of a switch or automatically by thermostat. Since electric RFH system heating coils are installed between the subfloor and the floor covering itself, heating time is short. It typically takes about 30 minutes to an hour to heat your floor and room. Set the thermostat to turn up the heat an hour before you get out of bed, and warm, cozy bathroom tile will be ready to greet your bare feet.

An electric underfloor heating system has a lot faster heat up time. It takes approximately an hour for an Undertile system to heat up and cool down so this allows you to set the schedule to have the heating on exactly when you need it and be able to change it to suit sudden outside temperature changes.

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With an electric underfloor heating system, a technician can put high voltage down the cable to track where the damage is. This can normally be traced down to a single tile that needs to be lifted and the heating cable repaired.  However, with a hydronic system there is simply a leaking pipe causing the water to run along the outside of the pipes making it extremely difficult to pinpoint the exact location of the leak. As a result, it is more likely that a greater proportion of the floor will need to be lifted in order to locate and repair the leak.

RFH systems fall into two categories — electric floor heating and hydronic floor heating. In this article, we'll cover the pros and cons, costs, and methods of installing radiant floor heating.

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Whilst both the hydronic and electric system can be used in most applications there are some additional points to consider:

Electric radiant heating works best with floors made of ceramic tile, but it can be used with most types of flooring, including hardwood floors. Carpet is thicker and doesn't conduct heat as well as tile or hardwood flooring, but selecting the correct padding can greatly increase the amount of heat you'll get.

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Both Hydronic and Electric Underfloor Heating systems can be controlled by a programable Thermostat. With an In-Slab system you have a lot less control as you will need to allow 1-2 days for the slab to heat up and then the same amount of time to cool down. This means you don’t have the ability to suddenly turn on the heating or turn off the heat with changes in the weather.

Deciding which heat source to use depends on how large your house is and how cold it is where you live. For example, if you have a large home with high ceilings and live in Canada, you'll most likely need a boiler system. On the other hand, if you're building a smaller home in Florida, you can get away with using your regular water heater.

You can also install hydronic radiant heating tubes to heat your driveway and sidewalk. That's right -- no more snow shoveling. You'll be the envy of your neighbors when you wake up to two feet of the white stuff -- but with a clear, clean driveway and sidewalk. You could also be saving your life -- many people die every year from heart attacks or accidents involving snow-shoveling [source: O'Connor].

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Because of this thermal mass, systems with wet installs take longer to heat up and need to run longer. Those with dry installs are less expensive, but operate at higher temperatures because there's no thermal mass to store the heat. They also require reflective insulation under the tubes to direct the heat upward.

Unfortunately, there's no way to install the heating mats without first tearing up your existing floor, so the ideal time to make the switch to a radiant heat system in your bathroom, sunroom or kitchen would be during a renovation. Once the flooring is removed, just lay the mats and tile over them. The tile glue and grout won't affect the heating mats. Once the flooring is back in place, you can literally forget about the heating mats — they require no regular maintenance.

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An RFH system involves installing electric heating coils or water-heated tubing beneath the floors of your home. With an RFH system, the heat from the floor warms everything it touches and radiates throughout the room from the ground up.

Maintenance for a hydronic system is minimal — the boiler needs an annual check-up, but most modern pumps use water to lubricate the parts and are low-maintenance. However, if your system breaks, you'll need to hire a professional, because fixing it can be complicated. It's also expensive. In some cases a unit is beyond repair and must be replaced, which costs about the same as a first-time installation.

An Electric Underfloor Heating system consists of electric heating cables being installed beneath the floor. Electricity then passes along the resistive cables causing them to heat up and radiant the heat into the room. Whilst there are electric systems for in the slab, the majority of electric underfloor heating systems are installed above the slab either directly below the substrate or in a screed.

When you factor in the cost of a radiant floor heating unit, keep in mind that electric systems rarely have problems. When they do, a homeowner can troubleshoot and make most repairs. Make sure to turn off the power before inspecting, repairing or replacing any panels.

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A hydronic system is more complex to install and would require a plumber. Typically, you will need to engage a professional company for installing a hydronic system to ensure the install is carried out correctly to ensure you get an even spread of heat throughout the floor.

On installation day, you or your contractor will roll out the mats and put the flooring material in place. Most people choose to go with electric RFH just for individual rooms since the cost of electricity makes this system quite expensive for heating an entire house. You can save money if your local power company charges less for off-peak usage. Cheaper nighttime power rates allow consumers to charge the heating elements overnight for less money — then the heat is used over the course of the following day.

Let's say you've decided on a hydronic RFH system. The first thing you should know is that it'll cost you more upfront than a standard furnace unit. A forced-air system for a 2,000 square foot (610 square meter) home will cost about $4,000 to $8,000 [source: Fixr]. A hydronic radiant floor heating unit with a boiler will run $14,000 to $44,000 [source: Forbes Home]. The RFH system is more efficient though, and lasts longer. Standard furnaces last between 10 and 25 years, while the RFH system will get you up to 40 years' use.

Once an underfloor heating system is installed there is little chance of anything going wrong with either a hydronic or electric system. If, however there was an issue an electric system would be easier to locate than a hydronic system.

A Hydronic Underfloor Heating system consists of a network of pipes running under the floor. Hot water heated by a boiler flows through the network of pipes to heat the substrate and therefore heat the room. Typically, in Australia most Hydronic systems are located in the slab not directly below the floor finish.

When you select a radiant floor heating (RFH) system, you'll choose either electric or hydronic. The amount of power it takes to heat an entire house with an electric RFH system isn't cost-effective, so if you're heating your whole house, then hydronic heating systems are the way to go. Are you building a new house or renovating an older home? If it's new construction, a hydronic system is probably the best choice. You can install hydronic systems in an existing home, but you'll have to tear up the flooring, which is expensive and a lot of work.

As a result, it will take approximately two days to heat the entire slab and turn this into a heat bank and generate heat in the room. Once the slab is warm it holds the heat well and becomes an energy efficient heat bank. However, in Australian most areas experience cold mornings and evenings but have it warm during the day, so this is not an effective or useable form of heat as you are unable to reduce or turn off the heat during the day.

Both electric and hydronic systems are going to provide you with the warmth, comfort and luxury that only Underfloor Heating can bring. It can be difficult to know exactly what system is best for your application so if you are still unsure please feel free to reach out to us on 1300 368 631 and one of our consultant’s will be happy to discuss your exact requirement’s.

Electric or hydronic, RFH offers a number of home heating options. To learn more about home heating and construction, please visit the links on the following page.

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There are two kinds of padding used on carpets — slab and ribbed. Slab pads are flat and ribbed and have a waffle pattern. A 3/8 inch (.68 centimeter) slab foam rubber pad is recommended for RFH systems with carpeting.

Aside from basking in consistent warmth from the floor to the ceiling, some people look for savings benefits with RFH systems. More economical to operate than furnaces, RFH can slash heating costs by 25 to 50 percent [source: U.S. Department of Energy]. New homes are the best candidates for a whole-house RFH system, but your existing home can also be successfully retrofitted. Some people with older homes choose single-room installations, like a kitchen or bathroom, instead of a whole-house system.

Think of RFH like heat from the sun. On a sunny day, if you step from the shade into the sun, you'll feel warmer even though the air temperature is basically the same. This is how radiant floor heating works. Temperature throughout the room is more constant than with your standard forced-air system, where the air rises, cools and then falls to the floor.