When you create the pressure zone, you are effectively creating a new hot water recirculation system. This needs a dedicated hot water recirculation pump and heat exchanger.

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By achieving the minimum pressure at the top of the building, you almost certainly exceed the maximum pressure at the bottom of the building.

Providing multiple dead leg systems is another common way to provide hot water in a high-rise building. They are especially common in apartment buildings, where every apartment has their own hot water plant. A simple diagram is below:

Second, is there a tool to adjust the valve? It has two notches with a hole in the middle. A 5/8" or 11/16" slotted bit should fit, but those are hard to find and something like $20 online. How is this usually adjusted on the field?

Once the resistance is equal in each loop, the system is 'balanced', and the hot water will circulate equally (at the right temperature).

The strategic placement of heat pumps and careful sizing of pipework were crucial in maintaining minimal pressure drops over an 18-metre distance."

How does ahot water recirculating systemwork

"The software offers precision through detailed result outputs and advanced options for efficient pipe sizing, allowing heating engineers to optimise based on parameters like maximum velocity and pressure drop."

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Waiting for hot water is tolerable in some circumstances, but a dead-leg system in a large building is not fit for purpose.

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If you put PRVs on the hot water recirculation pipes it will unbalance the system because of the significant amount of resistance it creates to some loops. See the example below:

A hot water recirculation system prevents this long wait by constantly circulating hot water and to minimise the length of the dead leg.

Although this pump helps us to meet the minimum pressure requirements, we cause a problem elsewhere because the maximum pressures we need to meet too and that is generally around 500 kPa / 5 bar / 80 psi.

I have well water with a manifold inside the house that has a faucet, pressure tank, temperature sensor (for pump) and pressure relief valve. My current pump pressure is set to 60 which effectively goes from about 53 to 67.

To meet the minimum pressure requirement in a high-rise building, you will require a pump because water loses approximately 10 kPa / 0.1 bar / 1.5 psi per metre it rises.

CASE STUDIES Award-Winning Heating Design "Using h2x was pivotal, allowing for precise heat loss calculations, pipe sizing and flow rates for each room. This level of detail ensured that the heating load accurately matched each space's requirements, minimising energy waste and maximising comfort. The strategic placement of heat pumps and careful sizing of pipework were crucial in maintaining minimal pressure drops over an 18-metre distance." Read the full case study

Hot water recirculating systemwith dedicated return line

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Simply draw the layout of the hot water system, set your design parameters, and all of the hot water recirculation calculations will be undertaken.

It is commonly thought that a better solution would be to put one PRV per level on the hot water recirculation system's flow and return pipework. You should not do this.

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When a hot water recirculation system is split up into different loops (generally one loop per level), each loop usually consists of different pipe sizes and lengths.

We recommend not moving past this part until 'balancing' makes sense. When it makes sense, the rest of the blog will be easier to follow.

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Toilet valves get wonky (or may) above 80 PSI or so, and any increase in well system pressure will reduce the effective capacity of the pressure tank (and should also be accompanied by adjusting the pressure in the pressure tank to a few PSI below the new low setpoint.) If your pump does not run at least a minute to refill the pressure tank (with nothing else drawing water) you should increase the size of the tank or add an additional tank.

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First of all, is it advisable to go up another 10 psi? I assume the likelihood of leaks goes up and maybe the pump life is decreased. I'll probably also need to increase the pressure in the expansion tank. ~63-77 psi on the first floor (and lower on the above floors) doesn't seem to be extremely high to me, but I'm no expert.

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This means that the loop with the path of least resistance will circulate correctly (at the right temperature), but the water in the other loops, which have more resistance, may barely move (and will be at a wrong/cold temperature).

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Recirculating hot water systemdiagram

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Lets start with understanding the basics of hot water recirculation systems. Have you ever waited a long time for hot water to come out of the tap?

Recirculating hot water systemretrofit

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"I would estimate over the length of this project, I have spent 50% less time designing than I would on our previous software.

CASE STUDIES Salon Republic, USA "The quality of the designs saw significant improvement with the adoption of h2x." "The software offers precision through detailed result outputs and advanced options for efficient pipe sizing, allowing heating engineers to optimise based on parameters like maximum velocity and pressure drop." Read the full case study

One solution is to put the PRVs on the dead legs that branch off the hot water recirculation system's flow and return pipework.

This level of detail ensured that the heating load accurately matched each space's requirements, minimising energy waste and maximising comfort.

I would like to bump up the pressure another 10 psi to improve reverse osmosis system pressure on the 2nd floor as well as the general improvement on the 3rd floor. I get about 10 psi drop every floor now. The pressure relief valve says it's set to 100 psi (at least from manufacturer), but it starts leaking around 70 psi.

Most (or the ones I've met) well system pressure reliefs are non-adjustable. So if it leaks 30 PSI below rated pressure, I'd replace it (for less cost than your proposed tool purchase, as far as I recall.) Odds are that parts to rebuild yours will be more than simply buying a new one.

So what will the hot water that is being circulated by the pump do? It will take the path of least resistance i.e. the loop with the largest pipes and/or shortest lengths.