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The material costs are similar. However, electric systems are easier to install, with fewer components and significantly lower maintenance costs. Electric systems will run for a shorter period of time to give the same level of performance but with much higher energy efficiency (typically 95%-98% efficient). Controls and sensors required for the two types of systems are very similar. Electric systems do not usually require slab insulation and do not create the concerns typically associated with hydronic systems. These concerns include, but are not limited to, return temperatures, flue gas venting, waterway shrinkage and property damage caused by leaking pipes or tubes.

The WarmlyYours ice melt I recently installed is working great. They clearly have a 5 star product. I have only two slight complaints: none of the contractors referred by WY ever bothered to call back, so I had to find electrician and concrete guy myself. The plastic cover on the Snow Switch should be hinged instead of fastened with screws.

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The leaked data also shows the slow rise of Valve's small Hardware department, which started with just three employees in 2011 as the company began work on its doomed Steam Machines initiative. Transitioning into the Valve Index era in the late 2010s, the hardware department still represented just a few dozen people and a paltry 3 to 4 percent of the company's annual payroll.

After 2012, Valve's total employee count remained remarkably steady, hovering between 325 and 375 employees through 2021. But total spending on gross pay for all employees continued rising even as total headcount remained steady, growing from about $300 million (inflation-adjusted 2021 dollars) in 2011 to just under $450 million in 2021.

The recent data comes from a poorly redacted document in Wolfire's antitrust lawsuit against Steam, as first noticed over the weekend by SteamDB's Pavel Djundik. While the key data in the document has now been properly hidden in the court docket, The Verge captured the raw numbers from a table labeled "Employee Headcount and Gross Pay Data, 2003-2021."

Other than some miscommunication on individual heat cable rolls versus pre-fabricated mats with cables already attached, the installation went pretty well. the control box I ordered was also backordered so needed to go with a more expensive model.

By the time we hit 2021 and the run-up to the Steam Deck, the Hardware division still makes up just 12 percent of Valve's small total headcount. Looking back, it's impressive that such a small team was able to create a portable gaming device that quickly spawned a whole micro-industry of imitators. We can only hope the Hardware team got a little more employee support in the wake of the Steam Deck's market success.

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It wasn't always this way at Valve. Back in 2004, the mean Admin employee's pay was only 95 percent of the mean non-Admin employee. That could be seen as a testament to the company's much-publicized "flat" organizational structure, summarized in the Valve New Employee Handbook as one where "we don’t have any management, and nobody 'reports to' anybody else. We do have a founder/president, but even he isn't your manager."

Thus, the mean gross pay per employee throughout Valve shot up from about $483,000 in 2011 to $1.32 million per employee in 2021. That might sound high, but it seems downright conservative for a company bringing in roughly the same revenue as a major game publisher with about 38 times as many employees.

Yet, surprisingly, the size of the "Steam" department inside Valve has shrunk in recent years, from a peak of 142 employees in 2015 down to just 79 in 2021. From the outside, having just 79 employees keeping track of more than 11,000 Steam releases in 2021 is a pretty incredible ratio.

Breaking down that data by year and department with some simple graphs and statistics, seen below, gives us outsiders a rare partial glimpse into Valve's organization. All told, it's a bit hard to believe that this lynchpin of the PC gaming world has rested on the work of just a few hundred people for many years now.

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It's hard to draw out too much detail from these mean numbers, of course. For all we know, lofty eight- or nine-figure salaries for just a handful of executives could be skewing the mean pay for the 35-employee Admin department. And the pay disparities shown here seem downright quaint when CEO Bobby Kotick was making 1,560 times as much money as the median Activision employee in 2020. Still, the existence of this well-paid "Admin" class at Valve at least raises questions about the company's vaunted lack of hierarchy.

That depends on a number of variables (like the temperature outside) but generally speaking these snow melting systems are designed to melt 1" - 3" of snow per hour. Anything above 3" per hour is typically considered blizzard conditions.

Yes. The manufacturer's splice that connects the heating element to the cold lead should be entirely embedded in a noncombustible material (like asphalt, concrete, or mortar) within the outdoor surface that is being heated.

Overall, this small glimpse into Valve's structure only gives a somewhat skewed, partial, and somewhat outdated picture of the employee structures that help the world's largest PC gaming platform run. But even this small glimpse is likely to be the most visibility we get into this private company for the foreseeable future.

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When installing outdoor WarmlyYours snow melting cables for your driveway, patio, walkway, terrace, stairs, ramp, etc. - NEVER cross, overlap, or allow the heating cables to touch each other. Doing so will quickly cause a circuit failure due to excessive heat build up. Always follow the installation instructions and/or design layout plan to ensure the cable is installed with the correct spacing required for proper operation.

Looking past the departmental breakdowns, we can easily pick out a few distinct eras in Valve's recent employment history. The first is one of pretty consistent growth: With just 78 employees in 2003, Valve's total headcount increased steadily until it hit 351 employees in 2012. This period coincided with Steam becoming the primary method for PC gamers to access new titles, and it included the relatively quick death of boxed retail PC game sales.

Snowy winters can be a pain, especially when you have to shovel and salt your driveway, patio, walkway, and stair what feels like constantly. But with snow melting products and de-icing solutions from WarmlyYours, you can stay comfortable inside and let the pavement do the work for you. We offer a selection of Snow Melting systems that heat driveways and all concrete or pavement around your home, as well as roof and gutter de-icing solutions and portable snow and ice-melting systems.

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Purchased a snow melting mat that was installed in concrete. Haven't had any snow yet to try it out but it should definitely help in the winter. Laurie at WarmlyYours was excellent to work with and responded very quickly to my questions. Thanks so much!

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It's striking to consider just how small Valve is compared to other major players in the game industry. In 2021, Microsoft estimated Valve's annual revenue at $6.5 billion, roughly on the same scale as EA's $7.5 billion in 2024 revenue. But Steam achieved those numbers with around 350 employees, compared to well over 13,000 people employed by EA.

But if members of the Admin department don't act as "managers," in aggregate, they're certainly paid like they are. Since 2005, the Admin department's mean pay ratio has generally hovered anywhere from 250 to 550 percent of mean non-Admin pay, settling in at a 474 percent ratio in 2021. All told, in 2021, the Admin department represented just 10 percent of Valve's total employees but 36 percent of its total gross payroll.

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Ars Technica has been separating the signal from the noise for over 25 years. With our unique combination of technical savvy and wide-ranging interest in the technological arts and sciences, Ars is the trusted source in a sea of information. After all, you don’t need to know everything, only what’s important.

Never cut the heating cable. A heating cable will not work if it has been cut. If the heating cable is too long, call WarmlyYours to consult with a technician who will guide you in utilizing the additional length of cable.

Learn more about snow melting systems. Perfect for heated driveways, patios, walkways and paths, accessibility ramps, or even stairs.

Yet these overall pay averages obscure massive discrepancies in mean gross pay by department. The handful of Hardware employees had by far the smallest average pay of the four listed departments at nearly $500,000 per year in 2021. However, the 35 members of the Admin department are well on the other end of the pay distribution, averaging $4.5 million in gross pay per employee in 2021.

Some readers may also be surprised that Valve's "Games" department has represented a majority of the company's headcount since 2003. That has remained true (though to a lesser extent) even in more recent years, as Valve's output of new games has become much more occasional. It seems likely a large number of those Games department employees are devoted to ultra-popular Valve games like Dota 2 and Counter-Strike 2, which enjoy tens of millions of players and need significant support work.

As a private and generally secretive company, Valve doesn't offer much outside visibility into its inner workings. So when years' worth of data on the company's employee and aggregate payroll numbers leaked recently, we were eager to take a deep dive to see what those numbers could tell us about the operation and evolution of a company that has a hand in the majority of PC gaming transactions.

I was slow to decide on a company to help me with my metal roof deicing project. I had a budget I needed to stay under. I wanted to do the work myself including the Electrical (my Dad is an electrician retired but would help). I decided on WarmlyYours because they had the best help video's, and staff to help plan and install my project. I didn't think I would get it up and running this year because of my late start. A slow start to winter let me get one leg of a two leg plan done up and running. Now we finally have snow and my one leg works great. This spring laying out the other leg will be easy (and warmer) this spring.

Installed electric snow melting system in a new flagstone walkway (over new concrete slab). I provided a sketch, almost immediately a design along with a list of all the parts and costs were provided. Exactly what I needed. Snow melting mats were placed in the mortar bed below the flagstone. Electrical work was straightforward. I tested the system and all is working exactly as intended. So if it never snows again, it’s probably my fault.

"We are relatively recently a hardware company," Valve's Greg Coomer told Rock Paper Shotgun in 2021. "And our DNA is really in software where upgrading stuff, it takes as long as writing some code and shipping it on the internet. So the people who work here, you know, we've hired a ton of experts in the hardware field who have all been slowly teaching us, 'You can't really operate the same way in hardware and just upgrade things whenever you feel like it.'"

The disparity highlights just how much money Valve brings in with a relatively small workforce. And a lot of that is thanks to the chunk of revenue Valve takes from every sale on Steam. The dominant PC gaming marketplace has seen a massive increase in the number of annual game releases since 2012 or so, thanks to initiatives like Steam Greenlight and Steam Direct.

I had many questions, both while planning, and just before installation. WarmlyYours was great and answers, their on-line documentation is detailed and helpful, and everything was in-stock for pick-up. Looking forward to the snow.